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Setting Up a Python Development Environment

This guide walks you through installing Python, creating a virtual environment, and installing your first packages on Windows, macOS, and Linux.

1. Install Python

Download the latest stable release from python.org, or use your platform's package manager:

PlatformCommand
Windows (winget)winget install Python.Python.3.12
macOS (Homebrew)brew install python@3.12
Debian/Ubuntusudo apt install python3 python3-pip

Verify the installation:

python --version
pip --version

2. Create a Virtual Environment

Always isolate project dependencies in a virtual environment:

# Create the environment
python -m venv .venv

# Activate it (Windows PowerShell)
.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1

# Activate it (macOS/Linux)
source .venv/bin/activate

3. Install Packages

pip install requests flask pytest
pip freeze > requirements.txt

4. Your First Script

Create hello.py:

def greet(name: str) -> str:
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(greet("World"))

Run it with python hello.py.

5. Recommended Editor Settings

Next Steps

Once your environment is ready, check out the official Python tutorial and the packaging guide at packaging.python.org.